How to Use the L293D Motor Driver Module

				
					// L293D Dual DC Motor Control Example
// Board: Arduino Uno

// Motor A pins
const int ENA = 5;   // PWM pin for Motor A speed
const int IN1 = 8;
const int IN2 = 9;

// Motor B pins
const int ENB = 6;   // PWM pin for Motor B speed
const int IN3 = 10;
const int IN4 = 11;

void setup() {
  // Set all control pins as output
  pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN2, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(ENB, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN4, OUTPUT);

  // Set initial motor speed (0–255)
  analogWrite(ENA, 200);
  analogWrite(ENB, 200);
}

void loop() {

  // Motor A forward, Motor B forward
  motorA_forward();
  motorB_forward();
  delay(2000);

  // Stop both motors
  motor_stop();
  delay(1000);

  // Motor A backward, Motor B backward
  motorA_backward();
  motorB_backward();
  delay(2000);

  // Stop again
  motor_stop();
  delay(2000);
}

// ---------- Motor control functions ----------

void motorA_forward() {
  digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);
}

void motorA_backward() {
  digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN2, HIGH);
}

void motorB_forward() {
  digitalWrite(IN3, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(IN4, LOW);
}

void motorB_backward() {
  digitalWrite(IN3, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN4, HIGH);
}

void motor_stop() {
  digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN3, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN4, LOW);
}