5 Minutes to Grasp the Basics of Joystick Modules

				
					#include <FastLED.h>

// Pin Definitions
const int stickX_Pin = A0;    // Joystick X-axis
const int stickY_Pin = A1;    // Joystick Y-axis
const int stickButton_Pin = 2; // Joystick Button

// RGB LED PWM Pins
const int redPin = 9;
const int greenPin = 10;
const int bluePin = 11;

// Variables
int xValue = 0;
int yValue = 0;
bool lastButtonState = HIGH;
bool ledState = false;        // Master switch

// HSV Color Variables
uint8_t hue = 0;        // Hue (0-255) corresponding to 0-360 degree color wheel
uint8_t saturation = 255; // Saturation (0-255), fixed at maximum for pure colors
uint8_t brightness = 0;   // Brightness (0-255)

// Debouncing and Smoothing Variables
unsigned long lastDebounceTime = 0;
const unsigned long debounceDelay = 50;

void setup() {
  pinMode(stickButton_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT);
  
  // Initial state: OFF
  setRGB(0, 0, 0);
  
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // 1. Read Joystick Values
  xValue = analogRead(stickX_Pin);
  yValue = analogRead(stickY_Pin);

  // 2. Process X-axis - Control Hue
  // Map X value from 0-1023 to hue range 0-255
  hue = map(xValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);

  // 3. Process Y-axis - Control Brightness (only when ON)
  if (ledState) {
    brightness = map(yValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
  } else {
    brightness = 0; // Brightness is 0 when OFF
  }

  // 4. Convert HSV to RGB and Output
  CRGB color;
  hsv2rgb_rainbow(CHSV(hue, saturation, brightness), color);
  setRGB(color.r, color.g, color.b);

  // 5. Process Button - Toggle Switch with Debouncing
  bool currentButtonState = digitalRead(stickButton_Pin);
  if (currentButtonState != lastButtonState) {
    lastDebounceTime = millis();
  }
  if ((millis() - lastDebounceTime) > debounceDelay) {
    if (currentButtonState == LOW) { // Button is pressed
      ledState = !ledState;
      lastDebounceTime = millis(); // Prevent multiple triggers
    }
  }
  lastButtonState = currentButtonState;

  // Serial Debug Output (Optional)
  Serial.print("H: "); Serial.print(hue);
  Serial.print(" | B: "); Serial.print(brightness);
  Serial.print(" | State: "); Serial.println(ledState);

  delay(50);
}

// Custom Function: Write RGB values to pins
void setRGB(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) {
  // For Common Anode RGB LED, invert values (LOW turns ON)
  analogWrite(redPin,   255 - r);
  analogWrite(greenPin, 255 - g);
  analogWrite(bluePin,  255 - b);
  
  // For Common Cathode RGB LED, use direct writing:
  // analogWrite(redPin, r);
  // analogWrite(greenPin, g);
  // analogWrite(bluePin, b);
}